Contents
Preface vi
Cross-Reference Table, by Chapter, of Mathematics and Biotechnology Areas viii
I Concentration/Dilution 1
1 Concentration of Egg White Lysozyme 2
2 Restriction Digestion of DNA 4
3 Using a Standard Graph to Determine the Concentration of an Unknown Solution 6
4 Determining the Number of Bacteria in a Culture 8
5 Serial Dilutions 10
6 Dilutions of Stock Liquid Solutions 12
7 Defining and Distinguishing Between Concentration and Amount of Solute 14
8 Absorbance and Transmittance in a Spectrophotometer 17
9 Creatine Kinase and Tissue Injury 19
10 PCR Laboratory Using Custom Primers 21
11 Cytotoxicity Testing of Anti-Cancer Drugs 23
12 Soft agar cloning 25
Work on this project was partially funded by the National Science Foundation. NSF Award #: DUE 00 03065ii
13 Cell Culture Medium 27
II Solution Preparation 29
14 Primer Preparation 30
15 Buffer Preparation 32
16 Percent Solution Conversion 34
17 Preparation of % solutions 36
18 Calculating How Much Vitamin to Add to Nutrient Broth in a Company Workplace 38
19 Gel electrophoresis reagent 40
20 One Hundred Percent Correct Each Time: Preparing Solutions for the Biotechnology Industry 42
III Serial Dilution 45
21 Saving the Cell Culture 46
22 Test for Endotoxin: A Serial Dilution Problem 48
IV Calibration 51
23 Monthly Check on Pipetter Accuracy and Precision 52
V Molarity 54
24 Salinity Difference 55
25 Reagent Preparation Using Weight to Volume 57
26 Purification of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) 59
27 Preparation of laboratory solutions 62
28 Do Conversions in Your Head (but document the process if working in industry) 64
VI Radioactive Decay 66
29 Hot Stuff ! 67
VII Cell Growth 69
30 Carrot Culture 70
31 Substrate Conversion 72
32 Parasite population 74
33 Transformation Efficiency 76
34 Viability Determination 78
35 Calculating Cell Density 80
36 Bacterial Transformation 82
VIII DNA 84
37 A Case for CSI: Evidence in an Arizona Murder 85
38 Cost Savings of DNA Sequencing Miniaturization 87
39 Corn Chip Crisis! Have these Chips Been Made from Genetically Modified
Corn? 89
IX Dosages 92
40 Botox Dilemma 93
41 Therapeutic Dose of Coffee 96
X Beer-Lambert 98
42 Plate Reader Problem 99
43 Using Beer’s Law to Determine the Concentration of an Unknown Solution 101
44 The Beer-Lambert Equation: Every Tech Uses It! 103
45 Spectrophotometry 106
XI Absorbtion 108
46 Absorption of Environmental Pollutants by Organisms 109
47 Absorption of Environmental Pollutants by Organisms 111
48 Absorption of Environmental Pollutants by Organisms 113
49 Absorbance and Transmittance in a Spectrophotometer 115
50 Absorbance and Transmittance in a Spectrophotometer 117
51 Absorbance and Transmittance in a Spectrophotometer 119
52 Protein estimation 122
XII Quality Control 124
53 HIV Quantification 125
54 Statistical Process Control on a Fermentation Reactor 127
55 The Use of Standard Deviation to Analyze Laboratory Data 131
56 Using Standard Deviation to Describe the Repeatability of an HIV Assay 133
57 Descriptive Statistics (Histograms) in a Production Setting 135
58 Relative Percent Error of An HIV Assay 137
XIII Multi Use 139
59 Determining the Protein Concentration of a Solution Containing a Protein, Lactate Dehydrogenase 140
60 Optimizing an Enzyme Assay: Lactate Dehydrogenase 145
Workshop Participants 151
Glossary 151
Index 152
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